Emergence of a smooth interface from growth of a dendritic network against a mechanosensitive contractile material.

Structures and machines require smoothening of raw materials. Self-organized smoothening guides cell and tissue morphogenesis and is relevant to advanced manufacturing. Across the syncytial Drosophila embryo surface, smooth interfaces form between expanding Arp2/3-based actin caps and surrounding actomyosin networks, demarcating the circumferences of nascent dome-like compartments used for pseudocleavage. We found that forming a smooth and circular boundary of the surrounding actomyosin domain requires Arp2/3 in vivo. To dissect the physical basis of this requirement, we reconstituted the interacting networks using node-based models. In simulations of actomyosin networks with local clearances in place of Arp2/3 domains, rough boundaries persisted when myosin contractility was low. With addition of expanding Arp2/3 network domains, myosin domain boundaries failed to smoothen, but accumulated myosin nodes and tension. After incorporating actomyosin mechanosensitivity, Arp2/3 network growth locally induced a surrounding contractile actomyosin ring that smoothened the interface between the cytoskeletal domains, an effect also evident in vivo. In this way, a smooth structure can emerge from the lateral interaction of irregular active materials.

Molecular detection of pathogenic Leptospira in synanthropic and wild rodents captured in Yucatán, México

Introduction: Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease caused by bacteria of the genus Leptospira, which is endemic in México and considered a public and veterinary health problem. Rodents are the most relevant reservoirs of Leptospira spp. because the bacteria establish and reproduce in its renal tissue and are excreted through the urine. Objective: To identify the presence of Leptospira spp. in renal tissue from rodents captured in Yucatán, México. Materials and methods: Synanthropic and wild rodents were captured in the rural municipality of Cenotillo, Yucatán, México. We collected one kidney from each rodent and extracted the total DNA. The identification of Leptospira spp. was done by detecting two fragments of the 16S rRNA gene using end-point polymerase chain reaction (PCR). We sequenced and analyzed positive products using alignment tools. Results: A total of 92 rodents belonging to seven different species were captured. The PCR yielded a global positivity of 5.4% (5/92). The alignment analysis of the sequenced products demonstrated a 100% of coverage and identity with Leptospira interrogans. This is the first molecular evidence of Leptospira spp. circulation in Heteromys gaumeri captured in Yucatán, México. Conclusion: Our results evidenced that rodents of Yucatán are reservoirs of Leptospira spp. and participate in the infection cycle of leptospirosis in the region.

Detección molecular de leptospiras patógenas en roedores sinantrópicos y silvestres capturados en Yucatán, México / Molecular detection of pathogenic Leptospira in synanthropic and wild rodents captured in Yucatán, México

Introducción. La leptospirosis es una enfermedad zoonótica endémica en México, ocasionada por la bacteria del género Leptospira, la cual constituye un problema de salud pública y veterinaria. Los roedores son los reservorios más relevantes de Leptospira spp., debido a que la bacteria se establece y se reproduce en su tejido renal y es excretada por la orina. Objetivo. Identificar la presencia de Leptospira spp. en tejido renal de roedores capturados en Yucatán, México. Materiales y métodos. Se capturaron roedores sinantrópicos y silvestres en el municipio rural de Cenotillo, Yucatán, México. Se tomó un riñón de cada roedor y se extrajo el ADN total. La identificación de Leptospira spp. se hizo mediante la detección de dos fragmentos del gen 16S rRNA con una reacción en cadena de la polimerasa (PCR) de punto final. Los productos positivos se secuenciaron y se analizaron con herramientas de alineamiento. Resultados. Se capturaron 92 roedores pertenecientes a siete especies distintas. La PCR arrojó 5,4 % (5/92) de positividad global. El análisis del alineamiento de los aislamientos de los roedores infectados demostró 100 % de cobertura e identidad con la especie Leptospira interrogans. Esta es la primera evidencia molecular de la circulación de Leptospira spp. en Heteromys gaumeri capturados en Yucatán, México. Conclusión. Se evidenció que los roedores de Yucatán, México, son reservorios de Leptospira spp. y participan en el ciclo de infección de la leptospirosis en la región.

Introduction: Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease caused by bacteria of the genus Leptospira, which is endemic in México and considered a public and veterinary health problem. Rodents are the most relevant reservoirs of Leptospira spp. because the bacteria establish and reproduce in its renal tissue and are excreted through the urine. Objective: To identify the presence of Leptospira spp. in renal tissue from rodents captured in Yucatán, México. Materials and methods: Synanthropic and wild rodents were captured in the rural municipality of Cenotillo, Yucatán, México. We collected one kidney from each rodent and extracted the total DNA. The identification of Leptospira spp. was done by detecting two fragments of the 16S rRNA gene using end-point polymerase chain reaction (PCR). We sequenced and analyzed positive products using alignment tools. Results: A total of 92 rodents belonging to seven different species were captured. The PCR yielded a global positivity of 5.4% (5/92). The alignment analysis of the sequenced products demonstrated a 100% of coverage and identity with Leptospira interrogans. This is the first molecular evidence of Leptospira spp. circulation in Heteromys gaumeri captured in Yucatán, México. Conclusion: Our results evidenced that rodents of Yucatán are reservoirs of Leptospira spp. and participate in the infection cycle of leptospirosis in the region.